The Center for Innovation Policy
The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law is a forum for independent analysis and balanced discussion of policies for promoting technological innovation that enhances long-term social welfare.
Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches
How Sustainable Is the Chinese Innovation Juggernaut? with Craig Allen, Paul Triolo, Matt Turpin, and Denis Simon
Wednesday, November 3, 2021
12:30 p.m. (ET)
The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law's seminar series "Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches" seeks to shed light on innovation policy issues that are on the horizon.
In a relatively short period of time, China has gone from being perceived as an innovation laggard to being viewed as an “innovation juggernaut.” Not so long ago, China’s innovation system seemed beset by a broad range of critical deficits: not enough money, not enough talent, and an obsolete, outdated infrastructure. In recent years, the situation seems to have changed dramatically. R&D spending has been growing 15–20% annually, and R&D/GDP spending in China in 2020 reached 2.44% according to the latest PRC government statistics. Chinese universities graduate 6–7 million undergraduates per year, many of whom come from education institutions with STEM programs that are approaching world class levels. And China now has a modern, advanced R&D infrastructure across many key fields with some of the best equipment available. So has China’s “long march” to become a global technological leader been successful? More importantly, what are the realistic future prospects for China’s innovation system, especially in light of Western constraints on cross-border research collaboration and the flow of advanced know-how into China in fields like semiconductors and artificial intelligence? This panel of seasoned experts will provide insights into the key variables that will shape China’s emerging technological trajectory.
The program features Craig Allen, US-China Business Council, Paul Triolo, Eurasia Group, and Matt Turpin, Hoover Institution, in conversation with Dr. Denis Simon, Executive Director of the Center. After the discussion, there will be ample time for questions from the audience.
Sponsored by The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law; co-sponsored by the Duke University Center for International and Global Studies and Duke University Asian/Pacific Studies Institute.
This online program is free and open to all; however, registration is required.
On July 26, 2018, Craig Allen began his tenure in Washington, DC, as the sixth President of the United States-China Business Council (USCBC), a private, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization representing over 200 American companies doing business with China. Prior to joining USCBC, Craig had a long, distinguished career in US public service.
After working at US embassies in Japan, China and South Africa, Craig became Deputy Assistant Secretary for Asia at the US Department of Commerce’s International Trade Administration. He later became Deputy Assistant Secretary for China. Craig was sworn in as the United States ambassador to Brunei Darussalam on December 19, 2014. Craig received a B.A. from the University of Michigan in Political Science and Asian Studies in 1979. He received a Master of Science in Foreign Service from Georgetown University in 1985.
Paul S. Triolo leads Eurasia Group’s newest practice, focusing on global technology policy issues, cybersecurity, internet governance, ICT regulatory issues, and emerging areas such as automation, AI/Big Data, ambient intelligence, and fintech/blockchain. He is building a cross-issue and cross-regional team that helps clients understand and assess the risk generated by the complex intersection of politics, technology innovation, security threats, and the changing global regulatory environment.
Prior to joining Eurasia Group, Paul served in senior positions within the US government for more than 25 years, focusing primarily on China's rise as a science and technology (S&T) and cyber power. He provided analytic support to the president and senior policymakers, and was the lead drafter for a number of widely acclaimed national estimates on China S&T innovation and industrial policies, as well as cyberspace issues. Paul's technical background, including a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Penn State University and work experience in Silicon Valley, along with his extensive work on internet governance and policy issues in government, have prepared him to tackle the substantial challenges companies will face in cyberspace.
Matt Turpin is a Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution. Before joining the Hoover Institution, Matt was a Commerce Department official serving as the Director for China at the U.S. National Security Council at the White House. He was responsible for managing U.S. policy towards the People’s Republic of China. Before joining Commerce, he served for 22 years in the Army with tours at Pacific Command and as an advisor on China to the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Matt is a graduate of West Point and has a master’s degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Dr. Denis Simon serves as the Executive Director of The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law. He is also Senior Adviser to the President for China Affairs at Duke University and a faculty member at Duke's Fuqua School of Business. Formerly, he served as Executive Vice Chancellor at Duke Kunshan University. Prior to joining Duke Kunshan, he held senior appointments at several universities and outside academia in management consulting. He received his PhD and MA from UC Berkeley and his BA from SUNY at New Paltz. His research is focused on the development of innovation policy and high-end talent in China and East Asia.
Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches
The Place of Defense R&D in the U.S. Innovation System with Michael Brown and Denis Simon
Thursday, October 7, 2021
12:30 p.m. (ET)
The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law's seminar series "Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches" seeks to shed light on innovation policy issues that are on the horizon. The October 7 program featured Michael Brown, Director of the Defense Innovation Unit at the U.S. Department of Defense, in conversation with Dr. Denis Simon, Executive Director of the Center. After the discussion, there was ample time for questions from the audience.
Sponsored by The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law; co-sponsored by the Duke Law Center on Law, Ethics and National Security and Duke University Center for International and Global Studies.
SPEAKER:
- Michael Brown
Director, Defense Innovation Unit,
U.S. Department of Defense
MODERATOR:
- Dr. Denis Simon
Executive Director, The Center for
Innovation Policy at Duke Law
CO-SPONSORS:
- Duke Law Center on Law, Ethics and National Security
- Duke University Center for International and Global Studies
- The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law
Coming soon: Link to the recording of the event
Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches
The U.S. Innovation and Competition Act: What Will Success Look Like? with Aaron Chatterji, Kei Koizumi, and Stuart Benjamin
Thursday, September 9, 2021
12:30 p.m. (ET)
The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law's seminar series "Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches" seeks to shed light on innovation policy issues that are on the horizon. The September 9 program featured Dr. Ronnie Chatterji, Chief Economist at the U.S. Department of Commerce, and Kei Koizumi, Chief of Staff at the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the Executive Office of the President, in conversation with Prof. Stuart Benjamin, Faculty Co-Director of the Center. They discussed the ramifications of the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act (approved by the Senate in June and pending in the House) and the larger innovation and competition issues surrounding it. In the short-, medium-, and long-term, how will we know if the Act is achieving its goals? What else will need to be done to ensure the future competitiveness of the American economy? After a lengthy exchange of perspectives by the participants, there were questions from the audience.
SPEAKERS:
- Dr. Aaron Chatterji
Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Commerce - Kei Koizumi
Chief of Staff, Office of Science and Technology
Policy, Executive Office of the President
MODERATOR:
- Stuart M. Benjamin
Faculty Co-Director of The Center for
Innovation Policy at Duke Law
CO-SPONSORS:
- Duke Science & Society
- Duke Innovation and Entrepreneurship Initiative
- The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law
Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches
A Retrospective and Prospective Look at US Innovation with Dr. Kelvin Droegemeier
Wednesday, June 9, 2021
12:30 p.m. (ET)
The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law was honored to welcome Dr. Kelvin Droegemeier for our second “Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches” on Wednesday, 09 June 2021, at 12:30 p.m. (ET). The program was co-sponsored by the Duke Initiative for Science & Society. Moderated by Dr. Denis Simon, Executive Director of the Center, “A Retrospective and Prospective Look at US Innovation” featured a discussion with Dr. Droegemeier on America’s evolving competitive position in science and technology as well as ways the US can enhance its ability to remain a leader in those fields that will shape our economy and society in the future. A question and answer period followed, allowing the audience to raise questions about the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the various initiatives overseen by OSTP, the potential future role that OSTP might play now that it has been upgraded to a Cabinet-level position under the Biden Administration, and other issues.
As Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) at the White House from 2017–2021, Dr. Kelvin Droegemeier presided over an intensive effort across the entire US government “to advance America’s global leadership in the industries of the future.” OSTP provided leadership and guidance in a number of critical science and technology areas, including: establishing American leadership in artificial intelligence; pushing ahead on a national quantum information initiative; launching a national strategic plan on advanced manufacturing; coordinating a national effort on health security and innovation; enhancing American security through a national strategy on critical and emerging technologies; and, a strategy for developing the S&T workforce of the future. During Dr. Droegemeier’s time at OSTP, particular focus went towards maintaining the integrity of the American research enterprise, identifying threats to the US R&D system, and developing strategies for minimizing such threats.
The Office of Science and Technology Policy was established by the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 to provide the President and others within the Executive Office of the President with advice on the scientific, engineering, and technological aspects of the economy, national security, homeland security, health, foreign relations, the environment, and the technological recovery and use of resources, among other topics. OSTP leads interagency science and technology policy coordination efforts, assists the Office of Management and Budget with an annual review and analysis of federal research and development budgets, and serves as a source of scientific and technological analysis and judgment for the President with respect to major policies, plans, and programs of the federal government.
SPEAKER:
- Dr. Kelvin Droegemeier
MODERATOR:
- Dr. Denis Simon
Conversations on Innovation:
New Thinking and New Approaches
with Robert Atkinson, James Lewis, and Arti Rai
Monday, April 26, 2021
Our 2021 seminar series, “Conversations on Innovation: New Thinking and New Approaches,” seeks to shed light on innovation policy issues that are on the horizon. We will host a broad range of speakers with deep experience working within the innovation ecosystem in the U.S.A. and abroad.
To kick off the series, we were thrilled to have two knowledgeable experts sit down with Duke Law School Professor Arti Rai to exchange ideas about the evolving strengths and weaknesses of the American R&D system: Robert Atkinson, President of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF), and James Lewis, Director of the Technology Program at The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington, D.C. They discussed whether the U.S. should reconsider its approach to industrial policy and technology strategy in view of the vast number of internal and external challenges facing the country. For example, what innovation strategy in responding to new and newish competitors (e.g., China) would maximize social welfare? What realistic near-term developments might affect that analysis?
SPEAKERS:
- Robert Atkinson
- James Lewis
MODERATOR:
- Arti Rai
What China’s S&T Modernization Means for the U.S.: A Strategic Perspective
Monday, April 12, 2021
The Impressive rise in China’s capabilities in science, technology and innovation (STI) raises important questions for the United States and other countries. Chinese progress is rightly seen as providing it with material and intellectual resources to challenge US economic and national security interests. But, after more than four decades of close US-China cooperation in science and technology, it also presents the US with a mixed set of opportunities as well as challenges. This talk will attempt to inventory the state of US-China S&T relations and suggest a menu of initiatives for the US to adopt in order to secure its strengths as an STI power.
CO-SPONSORS:
- Duke Center on Science & Technology Policy
- Duke Asian/Pacific Studies Institute
- The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law
SPEAKER:
- Dr. Richard P. Suttmeier, Professor of Political Science (Emeritus), University of Oregon
MODERATOR:
- Dr. Denis Simon, Senior Adviser to the President for China Affairs and Executive Director, The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law
Constitutional Principals: Administrative Adjudication and Arthrex
Friday, February 12, 2021
On March 1, 2021, the Supreme Court heard argument in United States v. Arthrex, Inc. The issue before the Supreme Court is the application of the Appointments Clause to judges of the Patent Trial and Appeals Board (PTAB), a tribunal established by Congress in 2012 within the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. In the decision, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit held that the administrative patent judges of the PTAB, currently appointed by the Commerce Secretary, were principal officers who had to be appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The Federal Circuit then determined that it could cure the Appointments Clause defect by prospectively severing the application of statutory removal protections to the judges. The Supreme Court will hear argument on both the principal officer question and the issue of proper remedy. Arthrex is the sixth Supreme Court case on the PTAB, and the second constitutional challenge. Persistent controversies surrounding the tribunal raise important questions for patents and innovation policy. And as a matter of administrative and constitutional law, the Arthrex case brings into sharp focus not only the proper construction of the Appointments Clause but more broadly the proper role of administrative adjudication.
To examine the issues involved, The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law and the Duke Law Program in Public Law co-sponsored two panel discussions on February 12, from 12 noon to 1:30 p.m. The distinguished commentators on these panels included a Federal Circuit judge and renowned academics whose scholarship has focused on the key patent, administrative, and constitutional issues.
PANEL I: IP and Innovation Policy
- The Honorable Timothy Dyk
- Prof. John Duffy
- Prof. Melissa Wasserman
- Prof. Arti K. Rai, Moderator
PANEL II: Administrative and Constitutional Law
- Prof. Michael Asimow
- Prof. Jennifer Mascott
- Prof. Nina Mendelson
- Prof. Christopher Walker
- Prof. Stuart Benjamin, Moderator
November 2020
Accountability, Secrecy, and Innovation in AI-Enabled Clinical Decision Software
Arti K. Rai, Isha Sharma, & Christina Silcox
Journal of Law and the Biosciences
14 November 2020
This article employs analytical and empirical tools to dissect the complex relationship between secrecy, accountability, and innovation incentives in clinical decision software enabled by machine learning (ML-CD). The authors provide specific suggestions for how FDA regulation, patent law, and tort liability could be tweaked to improve information flow without sacrificing innovation incentives.
September 2020
Trust, but Verify: Informational Challenges Surrounding AI-Enabled Clinical Decision Software
Christina Silcox, Arti K. Rai, & Isha Sharma
18 September 2020
The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law and the Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy white paper, funded by the Greenwall Foundation, discusses ways to incentivize innovation in AI-enabled medical products while effectively communicating how and when to use them.
March 2018
Righting the Research Imbalance
Stephen A. Merrill
March 2018
Research in the physical sciences and engineering yields results important to technological innovation, national security, and economic growth. But since the end of the Cold War, public funding of work in these fields has lagged in relation to the size of the economy, expenditures by governments of other countries, and our own government’s support of the biological and medical sciences. This white paper documents the extent of the deficit, explains how it came about and why attempts to correct it have failed, shows that non-federal government sources of funding have not stepped up to compensate, and discusses needed next steps.
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Stuart Benjamin, Douglas B. Maggs Professor of Law and Faculty Co-Director, The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law
Arti K. Rai, Elvin R. Latty Professor of Law and Faculty Co-Director, The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law
Denis Simon, Executive Director, The Center for Innovation Policy at Duke Law